A major problem in the storage and marketing of processed African oil bean seeds is its high deterioration rates due to the undesirable activity of peroxidases. The effect of heat treatment on the activity of peroxidase (POD) from African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla) seeds was studied over a range of 30°C to 80°C. A simple first-order reaction which assumes a biphasic thermoinactivation curves was used to study the denaturation of this enzyme. Results suggested that peroxidase is
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The effect of D-glucose on the anaerobic production of hydrogen (H2) in the dark by bidirectional hydrogenase of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 has been studied. D-glucose addition enhanced H2 production rate. It is deduced that NAD(P)H, which is a substrate of H2 production reaction, was supplied by catabolism of D-glucose. The molar consumption ratio of H2 and total sugar consumption was low in the presence of D-glucose due to production of L-lactic acid and other metabolites. The cells pho
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Due to increasing oil prices and climate change concerns, biodiesel has gained attention as an alternative energy source. Biodiesel derived from microalgae is a potentially renewable and carbon–neutral alternative to petroleum fuels. Microalgae were isolated in different water bodies and five species were selected based on purity. Chlorella sp. reached high growth rate (0.21 g l-1 dw) when compared to the growth rate of Chematococcus sp. (0.1 g l-1 dw) on 24th day. Rate of CO2 fixation and
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Ellagic acid, a phenolic phytonutrient has become a focus of intense research owing to its role in prevention and treatment of cancer. In the present study, we proposed to screen the dose response effect of free ellagic acid (EA) and ellagic acid encapsulated nanoparticles (EANP) against DMBA induced oxidative stress on hamster buccal pouch model. DMBA (0.5% in mineral oil) was topically applied to the left buccal pouch of male Syrian hamsters 3 times a week for 14 weeks. Treatment groups receiv
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The genetic diversity and molecular characterization of 10 wheatgenotypes was investigated using 27 polymorphic microsatellitescreened primers including Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). Abouttwenty one loci were found. Bioinformatics tools were applied forconstructing dendogram. Lr-19 gene was present in all ten wheatgenotypes and Sr-15 gene is present in nine genotypes except Uqab-2000 that cause resistance against wheat rust. Highest geneticdiversity was observed between Shalimar-86 and Pak-81 g
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Experiment was designed for ethanol production using corn andother organic waste material containing starch contents andcellulosic material while barely used for diastase and acidicdigestion methods. The effect of temperature, yeast, barely diastaseand various dilutions of acid (sulfuric acids) were investigated onethanol production. The result showed that corn yielded highamount of ethanol (445ml) as compared to cellulosic material whichproduced 132ml of ethanol from one kg of weight. It was al
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Escherichia coli and other bacteria navigating through ‘open’ environments are under the impact of noise from the environment and from within the cells. This generates fluctuations in the kinetic parameters that characterize the intra-cellular reactions of the chemosensory network, thus affecting the chemotaxis of the cells. This aspect has been studied here for E. coli synthesizing recombinant glucoamylase in a continuous-flow microreactor. Response coefficient analysis (RCA) was ap
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The present investigation evaluates the suitability of different matrices such as calcium alginate, polyacrylamide, agar-agar and gelatin for production of alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis. Isolated from fermented fish using immobilisation approach. Calcium alginate was found to be an effective and suitable matrix for higher alkaline protease productivity compared to other matrices studied. All the matrices were selected for repeated batch fermentation. The average protease production wi
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The current research is based on Mediated electron transfer in novel electrode assembly. Graphite powder has been used to slow down the movement of glucose oxidase. Glucose oxidase was mixed with graphite powder and stuffed into a compartment with dialysis membrane on one side while Nafion 117 on the other side. The compartment was meshed with stainless steel wire which not only gave support to the graphite powder but also was useful in electron capturing. The dialysis membrane (MW cut-off >
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Production of biodegradable plastic, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was demonstrated using culture of moderately haloakalitolerant Halomonas campisalis MCMB-1027. Production of PHA was carried out at different aeration (0.5-1, 1, and 1.5 vvm) and agitation (100,150 and 200 rpm) in 14 L fermenter. Maximum production of PHA was 40.69% on the basis of dry cell mass at 1 vvm and 100 rpm. Material balance over maltose revealed that aeration 1 vvm and agitation 100 rpm was optimum for conversion of utiliz
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Optimization of the culture medium and process variables for xylitol production from corncob hemicelluloses hydrolysate was carried out using Candida guillermondii (NCIM 3124). The optimization was performed with statistical methodology based on experimental designs. The screening of nine nutrients for their influence on xylitol production was achieved using a Plackett-Burman design. The four selected components were optimized with Box-Behnken design using response surface methodology (RSM). The
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Melatonin, “synchronizer of the biological clock” is major hormones secreted from the pineal gland have various therapeutic effects. The present study was designed to explore the modulatory effect of melatonin on antioxidant status, glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were made diabetic by administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Melatonin was administered intraperitone
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The present work deals with extraction of cabbage peroxidase (CP) from fresh cabbage leaves and subsequent purification using ammonium sulphate (80% w/v) precipitation. The peroxidase extraction has been carried out by screening two different cabbage and then different parameters like different buffer systems, strength of buffers, buffer volumes, grinding time and cabbage leaves weight ratio to buffer volumes were optimized. The purified peroxidase showed maximum activity at pH 5.5 and at temper
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Tridham (TD), a polyherbal formulation is assessed for its acute (72 hr) and subacute toxicity (28 days) and also its significance on histological, hematological and biochemical variations in albino wistar rats. Body weight and general behavior of animal was observed throughout the experimental period and at the end of the study period organ weight, haematological and biochemical parameters of blood and urine, as well as kidney and liver histology were evaluated. Results of the studies performed
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In this experimental study, optimization of selected process parameters were assessed as controlling factors for the efficient generation of biogas by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using raw vegetable wastes (RVW) and waste plastics (WAP) as the key constituents. The four factors: WAP, height to diameter (h/D) ratio, water content (WAC) and digestion time (DT) on weekly basis were optimized by RSM using rotatable central composite design (RCCD) to determine their optimum level. Considering
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Microbial fuel cell was investigated for electricity generation with secondary treated waste water as a filling material and a source for organic matter. Different electrodes were tested; Aluminum-Graphite (AL-C), Iron –Graphite (Fe-C) and Copper- Graphite (Cu-C).The electricity generation of MFC was tested when enriched with different concentrations of sodium acetate (400, 600 and 800mg/l acetate). Maximum power density reached 816mW/m2 for double MFC using proton exchange membrane (PEM)
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A novel alkaline protease producing bacterium was isolated from the gut of an estuarine fish Etroplus suratensis. The strain was identified by sequencing the fragment of their bacterial 16s rRNA and its homology was 97% closest to the Lysinibacillus fusiformis. An extracellular protease from this organism was purified by acetone precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography methods and the specific activity of the purified enzyme was found to be 20.39 U/mg, 169.46U
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Diabetic retinopathy, the most common diabetic eye disease, is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina which remains the major cause. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. One of the biomarker for Diabetic retinopathy has been identified as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ( VEGF )gene by computational analysis. VEGF is a sub-family of growth factors, the platelet-derived growth factor family of cystine-knot growth factors. Th
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For the last two decades Echinocandins have successfully emerged out & gained considerable importance when introduced in the World Pharma Market. Echinocandins are new novel class of drugs for fungal infections. Echinocandins inhibit an enzyme necessary for the formation of fungal cell wall components, thus disrupts the integrity of the cell wall and eventually leads to cell death. They are fungicidal and less toxic to the host by virtue of their novel mechanism of ac
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Even though microreactors are performing an increasing number ofchemical and biological reactions better than conventionalmacroreactors, their weaknesses are being observed and overcome.A recent method is to conduct reactions inside liquid microdroplets.Each droplet contains all the reagents and catalysts required and theconditions are controlled to promote the most favorable processes.By populating a microreactor with millions of microdroplets, eachperforming as a complete reactor or sub-reacto
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Natural statin like lovastatin which is mainly produced byAspergillus terreus strains is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase,an enzyme involved in the biosynthetic pathway of cholesterol. Themechanism involved in controlling plasma cholesterol levels isthe reversible competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA which binds tothe HMG-CoA reductase due to the structural homology betweenthe β-hydroxyacid form of the statins and the HMG-CoAintermediate formed. Mainly Lovastatin are produced industrially byl
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