Written by Handoko Handoko
Published on Issue 3 Vol 17, 2026
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterized by significant intratumoral heterogeneity and a propensity for recurrence driven by therapy-resistant Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). While the genomic landscape of adult NPC is increasingly understood, the cellular architecture of paediatric NPC and its distinct stem cell hierarchies remain largely unexplored. To overcome the limitations of short-read sequencing in resolving complex transcriptomes, we performed high-resolution, long-read single-cell RNA
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Written by Maytham Mohammad Bakr
Published on Issue 3 Vol 17, 2026
In this study, obese Iraqi Samarra people with gallstones will have their levels of various immunological anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant enzymes, and liver function markers examined. One hundred patient samples were gathered. in order to evaluate the levels of glutathione, MDA, and catalase (CAT) in 100 Iraqi patients with obese gallstones and 50 age-matched young adults of normal weight. This was done in order to investigate the effects of antioxidant levels and antioxidant enzymes in
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Written by Fawzi Al-Razem
Published on Issue 3 Vol 17, 2026
Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia are metabolic conditions that elevate cardiovascular disease risk and frequently co-occur with obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disturbances. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a key mediator of innate immune responses, has been proposed as a link between lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways; however, the extent to which TLR4 genetic variation influences hyperlipidemia susceptibility remains inadequately defined. This investigation examined
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Written by Natascia Bruni
Published on Issue 3 Vol 17, 2026
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory disease affecting both humans and animals, representing a major cause of pain and reduced mobility. In dogs, OA affects more than 20% of individuals older than one year, highlighting the need for effective long-term anti-inflammatory strategies. The product evaluated a multi-ingredient dietary supplement formulated to modulate inflammation through complementary mechanisms. Its composition includes Boswellia serrata Roxb, Cannabis sativa
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Written by Randa Al-Madah
Published on Issue 3 Vol 17, 2026
Biotechnological innovation is increasingly important to pharmaceutical localization, manufacturing resilience, product differentiation, and higher-value industrial development. Yet adoption cannot be interpreted as a simple decision to acquire equipment, license a platform, or introduce a new manufacturing technology. This article develops a non-empirical strategic-organizational analysis of biotechnology adoption in the Saudi pharmaceutical industry. It distinguishes technology availability fr
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