Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have gained significant attention in nanotechnology due to their exceptional physical and chemical properties, including a high surface area, unique optical characteristics, photosensitivity, and biocompatibility. These properties make ZnO NPs highly valuable for various biomedical and technological applications. This study focuses on the synthesis of ZnO NPs using a chemical synthesis approach, ensuring controlled particle formation. The synthesized nanoparticles were then characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze their optical properties and confirm their formation. Furthermore, the interaction of ZnO NPs with bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model protein, was investigated through spectroscopic techniques. The results demonstrated substantial protein binding, leading to alterations in the structural properties of BSA. These findings indicate the strong affinity of ZnO NPs for biomolecules, highlighting their potential in drug delivery systems and biosensor applications. The study emphasizes the significance of ZnO NPs in biomedical research, showcasing their ability to interact with biological macromolecules. The observed protein-nanoparticle interactions suggest promising applications in targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and biosensing. Overall, this research contributes to the growing interest in ZnO NPs and their role in developing advanced nanomaterials for future biomedical innovations. The interaction of Zn NPs with surfactants is also studied in this paper. It was found that with the increase in concentration, absorbance value increases.
