The p53 is a transcription factor encoded by the tumour suppressor
gene TP53, involved in regulating the cell responses to DNA
damage to conserve genomic stability. p53 protein sequence
analysis was carried out to unravel the structural details of normal
and mutant forms. The tumour suppressor protein p53 is mutated in
more than 50% of invasive cancers and 30% of these mutations are
found in six major hot spot codons located in its DNA binding core
domain. This study was conducted to gain insigh
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Defensin in plants are the most important types of antimicrobial protein that provides the natural immunity against the pathogens. In the present work a stable protein model of plant Defensin DM-AMP1 has been proposed, whose three dimensional structure is not known. The method comprises the homology based modelling of the protein by using MODELLER program and validation of the model by various tools. Molecular dynamics simulation of the model protein was performed in water. The stability of the
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An unstructured model has been used to predict microbial growth based on glycerol consumption and poly-ε-lysine (ε-PL) biosynthesis by Streptomyces noursei NRRL 5126. The logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations have been proposed to describe the time course of ε-PL formation, substrate consumption and cell growth. The shake flask level data from kinetic studies was illustrated and compared with fermenter studies. In all cases, the model simulation matched well with the exp
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The purpose of our study was to evaluate selected thrombosis and atherosclerosis risk factors in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) at three stages of the disease (I – in acute phase before steroid therapy, II – during steroid therapy after resolution of proteinuria, III – in remission after completion of steroid therapy).In all children, serum total homocysteine, lipoprotein (a), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprot
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Extensive screening resulted in the isolation of Bacillus sp. from Banana peel that produces considerable amount of thermostable levansucrase of molecular size 52kDa. 16S rRNA sequence analysis suggests that it belongs to Bacillus subtilis and was designated as strain BB04. Levansucrase was sucrose inducible, showed optimum activity at 50°C and pH 6.0. It was stable at pH range 6.0 - 7.0. Ca2+ at 1.0 mmol-1 concentration enhanced levansucrase activity by 24%. However levan production was hig
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the expression of chromosome 3p22.3 and its role in the development of uterine cervical cancer. The 42 unrelated individuals freshly operated specimens from the cervical region with their corresponding normal or peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) were collected from the patients. The specimens were undertaken for microdissection procedure. The detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) was done by PCR using the primers MY09 and MY11. The 3p22.3 regi
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Pancreatic cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. We studied the chemopreventive effect of Phyllanthus amarus on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, which is used as biomarkers in azaserine induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in wistar rats. Male albino rats were randomized into 8 groups of animals each. Rats in group 1 received 1.0 ml of 0.5% carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) everyday via intragastric intubation and served as an untre
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Microbial transformation of dydrogesterone (9b,10a-pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione) (1) on fermentation with Gibberella fujikuroi yielded 20R-hydroxy-9b,10a-pregna-4,6-diene-3-one (2), 17b-hydroxy-9b,10a-androsta-4,6-diene-3-one (3) and 9b,10a-androsta-4,6-diene-3,17-dione (4). Their structures were deduced on the basis of modern spectroscopic techniques. This is the first report of their production by using Gibberella fujikuroi.
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The trend in using natural products has increased and the active plant extracts are frequently screened for new drug discoveries. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Solanum nigrum fruit extract (SNFEt) on ethanol induced toxicity in rats. Male albino wistar rats were intoxicated with ethanol and the effect of SNFEt on the levels of hepatic marker enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase
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The anaerobic production of hydrogen in the dark by bidirectional hydrogenase of unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 has been studied by utilizing cells prepared in six types of medium in the presence or absence of D-glucose, NO3-, NaCl and NiCl2. Hydrogen production in this study is unrelated to hydrogenase activity. Hydrogen production is found to bear definite relation to the decreases in the amount of intracellular glucan per unit volume of culture when cells are pho
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Stabilization of enzymes is one of the major challenges in biocatalytic processes. Alpha amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was immobilized as a cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). Alpha amylase was aggregated using ammonium sulfate. The resultant aggregates on cross-linking with glutaraldehyde produced insoluble catalytically active cross-linked enzyme aggregates. The effects of precipitation and cross-linking were studied and immobilized alpha amylase was characterized. 70% ammonium s
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The paper deals with the construction of the phylogenetic tree andmultiple sequence alignment of ribosomal RNA datasetsdownloaded from Silva comprehensive rRNA database usingmarkov models. The new method is based on the concept ofcomparing the similarity/dissimilarity between two Markov modelsusing Kullback–Leibler divergence for construction of pair-wisedistance matrix. The alignment accuracy (sum of pair’s scores) ofthe multiple sequence alignment of these datasets is compared with
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A cell suspension culture was established from leaf explants of wild Gymnema sylvestre plants collected from Muniyankudisai,Tamilnadu, India. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 9.0 μM l-1 of 2, 4- Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and 2.1 μM l-1Benzyl adenine produced yellow friable callus with green patches.The cells were subcultured conscientiously twelve times to getconsistent growth of the cells in suspension. From the 10thsubculture onwards callus cells acclimatized to grow in sus
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The aim of the present study was to isolate and screen actinobacteria having antagonistic activities against pathogenic microorganisms. A total of twenty actinobacteria strains were isolated from the mangrove sediment. Of these four active isolates were identified as Streptomyces species by means of morphological, physiological, biochemical and cultural characteristics. These isolates were subjected to shake flask fermentation and the secondary metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and s
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A total of 25 isolates originating from hydrocarbon contaminated soil samples were successfully isolated via direct plating method using different growth medium. Eight isolates demonstrated high enzymatic potential (lipase, protease and amylase). Out of the total isolates, 86% isolates showed hydrocarbon degradation efficiency. These isolates were screened for lipolytic activity using tributyrine as substrate. Isolate Pa2 was found to produce the highest lipase yield on solid medium and later id
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Bacillus subtilis DJ5 was found to produce hyperthermostable beta amylase in a complex medium during submerged fermentation. The media was optimized for improved production of hyperthermostable β amylase following one variable at a time (OVAT) method. Initial medium pH of 7 and cultivation temperature of 37 °C were optimal for enzyme production. Among different nitrogen and carbon sources tested, 0.05% tryptone and 5% starch were most effective for enzyme yield. Little supplementation o
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The use of drug substances derived from plants, fungi, bacteria, and marine organisms are ‘‘Mother Nature Gift’’ for diseases of mankind. Many of these are discovered serendipitously and have a long tradition in medicine. Till date, the use of natural products, their semi synthetic and synthetic derivatives have been mostly confined to their ethnic use. But it has been well known that each substance has a wide spectrum of biological activities as evident from some new use
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Soil sample collected from industrial area of Kadi and Mehshana, India. Twelve bacterial isolates were found to be the most promising PHA accumulating bacteria among 15 isolates screened from soil. Screening for PHA was done by Sudan black staining. PHA extraction was carried out by chloroform digestion method. Biochemical and 16s rRNA analysis showed that PHA producing bacteria belong to Bacillus genera with Maximum production of PHA was analyzed by U.V spectrophotometer and finally it was char
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The majority of molecular genetic tests start with the extraction of DNA, indicating the great importance of a suitable and reliable method for this purpose. Next to many in-house standard operating procedures (SOPs), a lot of commercial extraction kits have been developed. These methods are generally accepted and have proven their validity with good results. However, it is obvious that the automation and simplification of the extraction procedure could have major benefits; i.e. a higher through
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Bacillus subtilis 2063 produced extracellular biopolymer whichshowed excellent flocculation activity. The biopolymer wasconfirmed as poly (γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) by using productcharacterization. HPLC profile showed that molecular weight ofPGA was found to be 5.8×106 Da. Improved production,Characterization and flocculation properties of PGA produced byBacillus species were studied. PGA produced by B. subtilis wasdevoid of any polysaccharides. The flocculating activity wasmarkedly st
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Streptococcus pyogenes, a group-A Streptococcus (GAS) continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide causing Rheumatic fever (RF) and Rheumatic heart disease (RHD). 35 S. pyogenes isolates from repeat samples of 87 suspected cases belonging to the age group 5 to 15 from Salem district, Tamilnadu, were found to be sensitive to Penicillin G, Bacitracin, Cephotaxime, Clindamycin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin and Azithromycin antibiotics. However, two isolates BMERF/DP/S9 and S
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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) has become a very prevalent disease affecting over 200million people worldwide. HCV amongst its various mechanisms of intrusion, enters the human cells by interaction with human CD81. The tetraspanin membrane protein CD81 interacts with envelope protein E2 of HCV. This helps viral entry into the host and facilitates further proliferation of the virus. Targeting this interaction could prove fruitful in eradicating the proliferation of the virus. We have insilico studied th
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Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the composition of medium for the production of resistomycin by Streptomyces aurantiacus AAA5 in submerged fermentation. Cassava pulp, soybean meal and potassium nitrate were found to have significant effects on resistomycin production by Plackette Burman followed by Box Behnken design. A mathematical model was developed to identify the optimum concentration of key nutrients for higher resistomycin production. A quadratic model was found to f
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The manuscript aims to compare some of the kinetic properties of covalently immobilized xylanase on the surface of glutaraldehyde activated alginate beads with free xylanase. The immobilized enzyme displayed higher Vmax, km and kcat values but lower kcat/km value in comparison to its free counterpart. Overall, the ‘catalytic efficiency’ of xylanase was found to decline with immobilization. The isokinetic temperature (Tisokin) of free and immobilized xylanase was recorded at 86.5º
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Yeasts isolated from palm wine were cultured in media of varying cassava peel concentration and their growths were monitored. Thereafter, the yeasts were subjected to crude protein analysis. The performance in terms of crude protein and growth rate using monod model was studied. The results show that the maximum crude protein content of about 4% was obtained at 1.5% cassava peel concentration for media unamended with ammonium sulphate. For cassava peel media amended with ammonium sulphate, the m
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An isolate of Streptomyces was found to be positive for the production of tacrolimus. HPLC analysis on C-18 column at flow rate of 0.5 ml/min samples gave retention time of 4.26 min as standard. Soyoil, soybean meal and L-lysine were selected as significant model factors by plackett burman (PB) design. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize these factors. A second-order quadratic model and response surface method showed that the optimum conditions (soyoil: 23.40 gm/L; soybean meal
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Ras proteins, the inner plasma membrane localized small G proteins, are involved in the transduction of external stimuli to its main effector Raf kinase. Point mutation in the H-Ras p21 (G12V) leads to loss of intrinsic GTPase activity so that Ras-GTP complex continuously relay signal which is associated with human cancers. Activation of oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases also a prominent cause of continuous signal transduction through wild Ras. Taxifolin, a plant originated polyphenol, is a pr
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This study was undertaken to isolate Actinomycetes from mangrove sediments of Tanzania and evaluate their potential for production of bioactive metabolites. Starch cacein agar medium was used to isolate the actinomycetes. Extraction of Actinomycetes using ethyl acetate (1:1), afforded dry extracts. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp toxicity test. A total of three isolates (ACTN 1, ACTN 2 and ACTN 3) were obtained by using culture medium selective for Actinomyce
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Wine was produced from zobo flower juice using a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) extracted from palm wine. The maximum alcohol productivity of 2.6 %(v/v) was achieved by the fermentation of zobo flower juice. The pH decreased from 4.20 to 3.48 and there was an increase in viable count from an 9.10x105CFU per ml to a maximum 5.92x108CFU per ml on the 5th day. Decrease in concentration of reducing sugar from an initial concentration of 0.43 mg ml-1 to a final concentration of 0.176 mg ml-1 on the
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Handigodu disease is a disorder of osteoarticular system, specific to particular region viz shimoga and chickmagalore districts of Karnataka state, India. The present study focuses to understand the metabolism of aggrecan, a key glycoprotein of cartilage matrix in Handigodu Disease (HD) using serum specimen. The Dimethylmethylene Blue Chloride (DMB) dye was used to precipitate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) associated proteins in serum. DMB dye was removed from GAGs associated proteins and electropho
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Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) use bacteria as biocatalyst to convert biodegradable substrates into electricity. The natural cow dung was found more suitable as it generated 150.9 mV Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) against 3.2 mV OCV generated by the sterile cow dung in the H-shaped MFC. On configuration, a MFC with 50 % cow dung and a salt bridge (5 cm × 2 cm) containing a mixture of 10 % sodium chloride and 5 % agar, electrodes of 32.20 cm2 su
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In recent times, protease has gained considerable importance in the world market. Proteases are groups of proteins included in the subclass hydrolases, within the main class enzymes. Serine alkaline proteases (SAP) are one of the most important groups of industrial enzymes. They account for approximately 35% of the total microbial enzyme sales. Serine protease is produced by various types of fermentation techniques using microorganism. Among the proteases, bacterial proteases are more significan
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