Written by Iman Aslambekovna Gulaeva
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Recurrent epistaxis in adults affects 5–8% of the population, yet its causes often remain unrecognized, and patients receive only local treatment for years without a proper systemic work‑up. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the etiology, diagnosis, and consequences of recurrent epistaxis and to propose a practical diagnostic algorithm for primary care physicians. A narrative review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and E-Library databases over the last 15 yea
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Written by Wassan Raheem Mubark Al Khafaji
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
The contraceptive should be highly effective, easy to reverse, have minimal side effects, and require highly compliant patients to be accepted by females and to reduce unplanned pregnancy. Implanon is considered one of the long-acting reversible contraception free from estrogenic side effects. Objectives: To assess acceptance of Implanon as a contraceptive and explore its advantages and adverse effects among users. This prospective study recruited 230 females who wanted an effective contraceptiv
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Written by Bernabe Canqui Flores
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Bioprocess optimization depends on understanding many interacting variables that rarely change independently. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, aeration, agitation, substrate feed, and base addition often move together across a batch, creating strongly correlated process trajectories rather than simple one-factor effects. Multivariate techniques such as principal component analysis and partial least squares regression are therefore natural tools for reducing dimensionality, monitoring deviation
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Written by Zalina Yuryevna Sozaeva
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Metabolically dysregulated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately one-third of the global adult population. This narrative review presents the clinical profile of the contemporary patient with MASLD, focusing on the systemic nature of the disease and risk stratification. MASLD is a systemic metabolic disorder in which hepatic steatosis serves as a marker of insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. The leading cause of death in MASLD patients is card
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Written by Eapak Qasim Hasan
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
The reliable biomarkers are essential for enhancing the diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), while the clinical spectrum of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) depfigends on the accurate normalization with reference to genes. The study assessed the expression and diagnostic ability of circulating miR-1 and miR-155 in 70 children with T1DM (9.8 ± 2.7 years; 40 males and 30 females) and 30 healthy cases matched for age and sex from Kirkuk, Iraq. We extracted serum RNA
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Written by Kolberg Natalia Alexandrovna
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
This study provides an exhaustive toxicological and biotechnological evaluation of "Bursanatal," a novel veterinary immunomodulator derived from the lymphoid tissue of the avian Bursa of Fabricius. The drug’s active complex consists of low-molecular-weight regulatory peptides (1–10 kDa) obtained through a specialized multi-stage extraction and ultrafiltration process. The experimental design included an assessment of acute and subchronic toxicity (30-day oral and intraperitoneal administration)
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Written by Haimn Abdulbassit Tawfiq
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani is still a life-threatening disease with limited therapeutic options. The poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) is essential for post-transcriptional gene regulation in trypanosomatids and represents a parasite-privileged drug target. To comparatively evaluate two mechanistically distinct PABP-targeting ssDNA aptamers, AP-11 (poly(A)-competitive) and AP-7 (non-competitive), complexed with Lipofectamine 2000 against L. donovani amastigotes. G
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Written by Poznyakovsky Valeriy Mikhailovich
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
This research presents a novel biotechnological approach for the development of an 'all-purpose' protein substance, "Metacollagen Silicon+", designed for specialized products with tailored functional properties. The core innovation lies in the enzymatic hydrolysis of animal-derived collagen, primarily bovine gelatin, using fungal alkaline protease (Protosem C). This process is characterized by mild, naturally analogous biochemical conditions, operating without pH pre-adjustment. A key di
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Written by Amina Vakhaevna Evloeva
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are among the most common micronutrient disorders worldwide, yet their impact on cognitive function in working-age adults remains underestimated. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on neurobiological mechanisms linking these deficiencies to cognitive decline, psycho emotional disturbances, and reduced work productivity, focusing on latent deficiency states that escape routine diagnosis. Latent iron deficiency (low ferritin, normal haemoglobin) affe
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Written by Dzhamilia Magomedovna Abdulatipova
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Delayed bleeding after hysteroscopic polypectomy is a recognized complication, but its frequency, risk factors, and impact on patient behavior in real-world clinical practice remain understudied. A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted using 480 medical records of women who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy between 2021 and 2025 in three Russian cities (Makhachkala, Nalchik, and Volgograd). Only women with regular menstrual cycles were included to allow valid assessment of bleed
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Written by Alymbek Tabaldyev
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Surgical site infection after appendectomy surgery is one of the most important postoperative complications of patients with destructive appendicitis, especially gangrenous and perforated appendicitis. Inflammatory phase of wound healing is when conventional topical agents employed in wound management may not be entirely effective to achieve adequate antimicrobial effect, and are lacking in adequate analgesic effect. Combined water-soluble ointment ofloxacin, methyluracil, and lidocaine (Oflomel
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Written by Zalina Yuryevna Sozaeva
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Vitamin B12 deficiency in school‑aged children is a common but underdiagnosed condition. Depending on the region and dietary habits, the prevalence of subclinical deficiency in at‑risk groups reaches 20-40%, which globally corresponds to tens of millions of children. The main causes of deficiency are nutritional factors (insufficient intake of animal products), malabsorption due to gastrointestinal diseases (coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, autoimmune gastritis), competitive consumption (sm
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Written by Muktarali kyzy Begimai
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a common cause of early respiratory distress in the first 24–72 hours of life, especially in term and near-term infants delivered by elective cesarean section without labor. It is more frequent in repeat cesarean deliveries and may be associated with delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid, leading to impaired early respiratory adaptation. The literature shows that TTN occurs more often after cesarean delivery due to reduced physiological stress and horm
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Written by Kalybekova Kanykei Dosbaevna
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global public health problem and is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although universal childhood vaccination has significantly reduced HBV prevalence worldwide, vaccination coverage among adults remains inadequate, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This gap continues to sustain viral transmission and hinders global elimination efforts. The aim of this study was to assess the organ
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Written by Margarita Romanovna Osinnyaya
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 5-15% depending on the diagnostic criteria used. Clinically, the syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction and is frequently accompanied by insulin resistance, obesity, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genealogical and twin studies indicate high heritability of PCOS (70-80%), which has stimulated active investigation of
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Written by Viktoria Igorevna Zaytseva
Published on Issue 2 Vol 17, 2026
Neuroblastoma and paediatric sarcomas frequently present with distant metastases at diagnosis, making accurate staging critical for treatment planning. Manual staging based on MRI and CT is time‑consuming and subject to interobserver variability. A multimodal artificial intelligence system was developed for automated staging of neuroblastoma (n=50) and sarcomas (n=34) in children. The system comprises three deep learning modules: a U‑Net for tumour segmentation on MRI, a YOLOv8‑based detector fo
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