It is necessary to find new drugs with fewer side impacts to decrease sugar in diabetics. This research aimed to investigate the impact of Capparis spinosa extract on the vital enzymes of glucose metabolism in diabetic male rats' liver cells. In the current study, a total of 60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Insulin hormone and serum glucose were measured with the relevant kit, the activity of hexokinase and glucokinase enzymes was done by manual method and the expression of glucose 6 phosphatase and phosphofructokinase gene was done by Real Time-PCR method. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test and Mann-Whitney post hoc test. The obtained results showed that the administration of the extract reduced the glucose serum level and increased the serum level of glucokinase and insulin and the phosphofructokinase-1 genes expression level in all groups receiving the extract compared to the control groups, and the average activity of the hexokinase enzyme and the expression of the glucose gene 6 phosphatase showed a significant difference among most groups (P<0.001). According to the findings, the treatment of diabetic rats with Capparis spinosa extract causes a significant reduction in blood sugar and an increase in the serum insulin amount and also causes an improvement in the enzyme activity involved in glycolysis. Thus, it seems that the consumption of this fruit has a good impact on insulin secretion, blood sugar, and sugar metabolism.
