One of the metabolic diseases that occurs frequently in elderly women is diabetes. In this study, the effects of diabetes on some biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in rats were investigated. In this experimental-interventional study, adult female rats were divided into four groups of 8. The first control group, the second ovariectomy group (for 55 weeks), the third induced diabetes group in the last 5 weeks of the study in mice with ovaries, and the fourth ovariectomy group (for 55 weeks) and induced diabetes in the last 5 weeks of the study. Pathological changes in lung, pancreas, kidney, and liver tissues and some serum biochemical indices were determined in each group at the end of the study. Diabetic and ovariectomized diabetic rats revealed an increase in blood glucose, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, high-density lipoprotein, calcium, and triglyceride compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Ovariectomized rats showed an increase in cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, and triglyceride compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The findings revealed that the long-term reduction of estrogen in ovariectomized diabetic rats can have beneficial changes in reducing the serum levels of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, gamma-glutamyl transferase, very low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride compared to non-ovariectomized diabetic rats.
