Neurological diseases are one of the most common types of diseases in the world and they follow an increasing trend. The role of nutrition in the occurrence and aggravation of these diseases is an important issue that should be paid more attention to. In this research, the relationship between nutrition and some disorders and diseases of the nervous system was investigated. The obtained results showed that nutritional factors play an important role in depression. On the other hand, those with depression often have poor nutrition and are therefore at risk. New studies show that dietary changes suppress diseases such as MS that involve the activation of the immune system. Also, many studies report a reduction in the risk of Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders following the consumption of marine food compounds. Also, food can play an important role in the management and control of hyperactivity disorder.