For residents of all northern countries, a great biological hazard is the cold, which negatively affects all the functions of the body. Fatal outcomes when exposed to the cold are very often associated with alcohol consumption. At the same time, the number of survivors, but those who become disabled due to supercooling, seriously exceeds the number of dead. In the case of progressive hypothermia in the human body, a number of negative reactions occur, leading to a drop in temperature, depletion of physical reserves of the heart, liver, muscles, breathing and heartbeat, reduce the tone of vessels and reduce the blood flow rate. All this leads to stasis of blood, oxygen starvation of tissues due to the excessive connection of oxygen with hemoglobin. Under the influence of cold, frostbite most often occurs, manifested by reactive inflammation and necrosis. The main cause is the cooling of the body surface and the thermoregulation disruption. In the course of the emerging necrosis, the role of tissue edema is great. In addition, with the influence of cold, the vessel spasms develop, the bloodstream slows down and the tissue ischemia is growing. Physical rehabilitation after the action of the cold should be carried out very actively. Its success is associated with the complexity and perseverance of the use of therapeutic physical culture, massage, and various physiotherapy.
