One of the most important health challenges in the present age is the chronic diseases and paying attention to both physical and mental aspects of life quality. This study tries to investigate the effect of group therapy on the rate of depression in patients of Beta Thalassemia by considering the complications of this genetic disease including depression, lack of treatment, inclination to death and suicidal thoughts, imposing high costs to the families and health system of the country, the effect of group therapy in such diseases, the sensitivity of this disease and the lack of extensive research. The statistical population of this study consisted of 30 thalassemia patients referring to the special diseases center of Pasteur Hospital in Bam that were voluntarily interviewed. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was available to all volunteers. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received cognitive-behavioral therapy and the second group did not receive treatment. Both groups took pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS and variance analysis. The results of this study showed that depression scores of the two groups were not significantly different before the intervention, but there was a significant difference between the two groups after the intervention. The difference in the scores of the two groups was statistically significant. The depression scores before and after the intervention decreased significantly. While there was no significant difference in the control group (based on Fisher's exact test). The two groups of intervention and control were similar in terms of the distribution of depression severity before the intervention, and the test showed that the two groups were matched together. In addition, the intervention group had less depression severity than the control group and Fisher's exact test showed that the two groups were different after the intervention.
