Background. Since tracheal intubation, especially in difficult situations, is considered as one of the crucial concerns and duties of anesthesia students, this study was designed to determine the effect of self-directed learning package on the learning of difficult tracheal intubation. Methods: Fifty five anesthetic students were divided in two groups. The effect of self-directed learning package on the learning of students was examined three consecutive times through pre- and post-tests on the study group. In the control group traditional approach was applied. T-test was used to compare score changes in the groups, while paired T-test was employed to compare the mean score changes of pre- and post- tests in both groups. Results: The results of analysis showed a significant difference in the mean scores of the two groups. Mean score for the students in the case group increased from 8.43±2.3 to 20.82±3.8 (total 32) [P=0.001). Score changes were 12.39.±3.75 and -1.3±1.9 in the case and control groups, respectively. Compatibility of the educational package with learning aims were 86.6%. Compatibility of the educational package with self-directed learning was 76%. Overall, satisfaction was 73.4%. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, self-directed learning packages were effective in improving the learners’ knowledge of difficult tracheal intubations. The educational package may be employed in education of anesthesia students. They also reported satisfaction for using this method,
