Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of combination therapy of alpha blockers and anti-muscarinic versus mono therapy in treatment of urolithiasis. Methodology: The study on the comparison of the combination therapy of anti muscarinics and alpha blockers versus monotherapy in the treatment of urolithiasis was conducted in aster CMI hospital in Bangalore and was conducted in 150 patients. the study was conducted on inpatients admitted into the departments of medicine including nephrology, emergency medicine and general medicine. Patients receiving alpha blockers and anti muscarinics combination therapy and mono therapy in the treatment of urolithiasis. Structured data collection was used for collecting the details. Result: Among 150 patients 54 of them were prescribed with monotherapy with either alpha blockers or anti muscarinics that in the alpha blockers tamsulosin was prescribed 15 times, alfuzosin was prescribed 5 times and silodosin was prescribed 4 times. Also we were prescribed with mono therapy with either alpha blocker or anti muscarinics that in the anti muscarinics tolterodine was prescribed more which includes 24 times and oxybutynin was prescribed 6 times. Conclusion: the combination therapy of alpha blockers and anti muscarinics is significantly better than either drug alone in the treatment of urolithiasis, it was as well found that urolithiasis is more common among male patients which accounts for 72 % of the patients. In this study it was shown that the prescribed dose of tamsulosin is 0.4 mg and tolterodine is 4 or 2 mg depending on the size or type of stone present. It was shown that the maximum patients were prescribed with tolterodine in their monotherapy which is 50 % of total and tamsulosin was prescribed for 31% of the patients in monotherapy and according to previous studies, tolterodine reduced urinary sympthoms and improved general health in patients but in general there was no significant difference between them.
