Introduction: The prevalence rate of type-2 diabetes is increasing considerably in developing countries. Diabetes increases the risk of pulmonary TB and exacerbates the clinical manifestations of TB in the light of impairment to the immune system. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of type-2 diabetes in patients with pulmonary TB and its related factors in Mazandaran during a five-year period. Materials and methods: By a cross-sectional method the relevant data were extracted from the medical records of TB patients treated in health centers of Mazandaran from 2013 to 2017. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 20, software. Demographic and diabetes-related information was extracted from the patient records and Chi-square, Pearson and logistic regression were used to determine the relationship between type-2 diabetes and pulmonary TB. Mantel-Haenszel Test and logistic regression were used to eliminate the effects of confounding variables. P-value equal or less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: In this study, 1316 patients over 25 years of age with pulmonary TB were examined, of whom 76.7% were males (p = 0.001) with the mean age of 48.70 ± 18.10 years old. The prevalence of type-2 diabetes in these patients was 20.06%. The highest prevalence of type-2 diabetes was in the age group of 45-64 years (39.4%) (P=0.000) and the highest prevalence of type-2 diabetes was in the BMI group more than 30 (40%) (P=0.000). The ratio of women with type-2 diabetes in pulmonary TB patients was 1.5 times that of men (P = 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of type-2 diabetes in pulmonary TB patients in Mazandaran was high. Increasing BMI and age may increase the likelihood of comorbidity of type-2 diabetes and pulmonary TB. For better treatment of pulmonary TB, the identification and treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes is of particular importance. A regular screening of type-2 diabetes among patients with pulmonary TB is suggested.
