Objective: Environmental damage to uterus or placenta can cause the fetus to deviate from its genetic program, causing complications such as intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). SGA infants, defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. Risk of death in SGA infants is greater than AGA infants. The present study aimed to evaluate placental morphology in full-term SGA and AGA neonates. Methodology: This analytic case-control study was performed from 2016 to 2017 years, between Obstetrics and Gynecology and pathology departments of Ahvaz Imam Khomeini Hospital. Thirty placentas of SGA infants and 30 placenta of AGA infants were examined for pathologies. Results: In this study, 60 women and their neonates were included. Membranes insertion frequency in both groups was reported marginally. There was significant difference in placental weight (p=0.001) and FPR (p<0.001) in both groups. In addition, in Microscopic Examination of the placenta, villous infarction, decidual necrosis, villitis, chorioangiosis and perivillous fibrin deposition variables were found to be higher in SGA group than AGA group. Conclusion: The characteristics of placental insufficiency such as infarct, decidual necrosis, lower placental size, FPR, and perivillous fibrin deposition are more common in SGA term neonates than in AGA term neonates.
