Introduction: Bile acids decrease biliary cholesterol secretion and bile cholesterol saturation and dissolve cholesterol gallstones. Accordingly, this study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on gastrointestinal pains and dyspepsia after cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: The study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial and sampling was done though convenience sampling method. The sample size was 80 subjects and during the discharge from hospital, the patients in group A were treated with 300 mg UDCA three times a day for two months and the patients in group B received placebo. Both groups were evaluated during the first and second weeks after treatment. The obtained data were then analyzed in SPSS.19. Results: One week after the end of treatment, 14 patients in the intervention group and 12 patients in the placebo group (P = 0.633) reported pain and the same issue was reported by 10 patients in the intervention group and 9 patients (22.5%) in the placebo group (P = 0.793) 2 weeks after the end of the treatment. Moreover, one week after the end of treatment, 8 patients in the intervention group and 7 patients in the placebo group (P = 0.775) reported dyspepsia and the same issue was reported by 6 patients in UDCA group and 7 patients in the placebo group (P = 0.762) 2 weeks after the treatment. The decrease in the mean score of pain severity from the first to the second week was 0.9 ± 1.10 in UDCA group and 0.66 ± 0.86 in the placebo group, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.720). Conclusion: According to the results, the effect of UDCA on abdominal pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy cannot be considered positive and calls for more studies.
