Background: Exposure of humans to toxic metals particulates was capable of inducing free radicals and cause health problems even at low concentrations, in course of time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the antioxidants consumption behavior in high-risk groups for ameliorating metals toxicity. Objective: This study examined the effects of face-to-face nutritional interventions based on the Protection Motivation Theory on vitamins E and C Consumption among cement factory workers. Methods: This study is a randomized control trial which was conducted in Kurdistan Province of Iran. Participants were divided into two 70-worker groups: control and face-to-face intervention. The vitamins E and C intake were measured by using a Food Frequency Questionnaire and perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, self-efficacy, intention, and knowledge were assessed by Protection Motivation Theory questionnaire. Workers completed questionnaires before and after the training. The content of intervention education included lectures with Power Point presentations, discussion, individual counseling, and educational pamphlets and booklets. The control group received no educational or counseling sessions. Data analyses were done using SPSS 24.0. Results: Results showed that workers had higher mean scores of Protection Motivation Theory constructs, knowledge and vitamins C and E at post education in the intervention group compared to baseline (P<0.001). Moreover, the intervention group achieved higher scores compared to the control group after intervention (P<0.001). Significant changes on constructs, knowledge and vitamins E and C consumption were not observed in the control group after education. Conclusion: Implementation of the face to face education intervention based on Protection Motivation Theory among cement factory workers is an effective tool to increase vitamins consumption in this target sample. Findings are encouraging regarding the use of nutritional educations based on Protection Motivation Theory within factories where workers have higher levels of exposure to toxic metals to improve worker s’ eating behavior.
